The Ludwig Prandtl research vessel: the coastal researchers regularly undertake measurement campaigns at sea.
(Photo:
HZG)
Sediment samples are taken from the research vessel the Ludwig Prandtl. Samples are “punched” from the sea floor using the “multicorer”. The drill cores measure approximately 0,5 metres long and help in analysing the current and past condition of the marine ecosystem (including nutrient supply, food chain, pollution).
(Photo:
HZG)
By means of the research ship’s lateral arm, a probe takes temperature, salt and oxygen measurements as well as water samples from different depths to determine turbidity. This enables scientists to study material transport.
(Photo:
H. Rinck/HZG)
The “Scanfish” is a towed measurement system that “scans” the body of water in an up and down saw tooth pattern. The device is equipped with different oceanographic sensors for measuring temperature, salinity, oxygen, suspended matter and chlorophyll. It takes measurements as it is pulled behind the ship.
(Photo:
R. Kopetzky/HZG)
The wave buoy floats on the sea surface and is loosely anchored to the sea floor. The vertical acceleration is measured inside the buoy with the up and down motion of the waves. From this information, scientists can determine the frequency and height of the waves.
(Photo:
HZG)
Measurement poles are firmly anchored to the sea floor and deliver continuous measurements on weather and water properties in one-minute intervals. These properties include temperature, salinity, oxygen, suspended matter and pH values. Because the measurements are carried out over many years in the same location, researchers can observe long-term fluctuations and changes. The sensors are cleaned weekly and examined.
(Photo:
M. Heineke/HZG)
The weather station is installed on the measurement pole off Hörnum on the island of Sylt. The solar modules supply power for the instruments. Radiation, water temperature, salinity, turbidity and wind are measured.
(Photo:
H. Garbe/HZG)
The radar is used to observe waves and currents over large areas in the North Sea. Three high frequency radar stations on Sylt, near Büsum and on Wangerooge continuously observe the sea surface.
(Photo:
G. Schymura/HZG)
"Gliders" are "underwater airplanes" that autonomously measure temperature, salinity, turbidity and chlorophyll (fluorescence) over hundreds of kilometres at different depths on the open sea.
(Photo:
M. Heineke/HZG)
The glider will be recovered via raft after completing the measurement campaign.
(Photo:
R. Kopetzky/HZG)
The underwater node is a “data socket” at the bottom of the sea: up to ten measurement instruments can be continuously supplied with power and can be operated on a long-term basis without maintenance. The underwater data nodes were conceived by the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (HZG) and developed in cooperation with the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI). The underwater node is currently installed north of Helgoland. Divers attach the underwater node to a land cable and install the instruments.
(Photo:
P. Fischer/AWI)
The underwater node consists of a carrier rack weighing six hundred kilograms onto which the measurement instruments can be connected.
(Photo:
P. Fischer/AWI)
The newly developed universal device rack (“lander”) is a table-like carrier rack (approximately 3 x 3 x 3 m) with four slender angled legs that rest on stable feet. A vertical carrier arm and platform hold different sensors. “Landers” are used to measure currents, turbulence, sediment movement and biogeochemical material turnover.
(Photo:
C. Winter/MARUM)
Overview of different measuring instruments and methods for observing coastal waters.
(Illustration:
COSYNA/HZG)